Before covering how to convert to pem from different certificate formats let us define what each of the certificate file extensions means. .pem - Privacy Enhanced Mail Certificate. A PEM file is Base64 encoded and may be an X.509 certificate file, a private key file, or any other key material. … [Read more...] about Convert PEM to other formats
Apache Access Log IP Address
This article will document how to sort the apache access log IP address list. You may be analyzing the ip addresses in a given apache access log for any number of reasons, including DDOS attacks. We will document a single command to extract the unique IP addresses, count them, and sort them by most … [Read more...] about Apache Access Log IP Address
Redhat security patch backport
This article will detail how Redhat manages security patches in backports. This article will focus on the Apache httpd package but may be relevant to other packages as well. You may notice or be alerted that a specific package version contains vulnerabilities and that the Redhat package manager (yum … [Read more...] about Redhat security patch backport
keytool list certs – How to list contents of a keystore
What is Java keytool? The Java keytool is a command-line utility used to manage keystores in different formats containing keys and certificates. You can use the java keytool to list the contents a keystore. In many respects, the java keytool is a competing utility with OpenSSL for keystore, key, … [Read more...] about keytool list certs – How to list contents of a keystore
How to Install OpenSSL on Ubuntu
This article will demonstrate how to install OpenSSL on the Ubuntu Linux platform. Most if not all installations of Ubuntu include OpenSSL by default. If you find yourself with an instance of Ubuntu that does not already have OpenSSL installed, then this article is for you. The examples in this … [Read more...] about How to Install OpenSSL on Ubuntu
Firewall Redhat
This article will demonstrate how to manage a firewall on a Redhat server. Firewall functions that will be covered include how to check the firewall status, start, stop, enable, and disable it. The examples below were performed on RHEL 8.x. The default firewall on RHEL 8 is firewalld and is … [Read more...] about Firewall Redhat
Linux socket data on servers
This article will demonstrate how to show Linux socket data on servers, both Redhat and Ubuntu. One primary use case for obtaining this kind of data is when a Linux subscription or support console wants to properly license your organization based on number of sockets. The script below is scalable to … [Read more...] about Linux socket data on servers
Extend Ubuntu Disk Space
The purpose of this article is to extend the Ubuntu disk space. This article will focus on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, but can likely be used on other Ubuntu versions. You have likely discovered this article because you created a new VM (Virtual Machine) based off of a template and in the creation of the VM … [Read more...] about Extend Ubuntu Disk Space